Arabic letters as a formative element in contemporary murals in the Arab world and their role in preserving heritage and identity

Arabic calligraphy has always been one of the most important elements of plastic art creativity in the various types of visual arts. The Arabic letters are in themselves a plastic creation, and it has its philosophy, organic rhythms and meanings, and is distinguished by its versatility in formation and the possibility of formulating it in multiple ways, allowing the artist to express movement and mass according to aesthetic systems.This research is concerned with emphasizing the value of Arabic letters as an Arab cultural heritage that should be preserved, developed and employed in the fields of plastic arts design in general and in the art of mural painting in particular. As the art of mural painting is one of the oldest visual arts that record and reflect the features and aspects of the life of human societies throughout history. Mural painting is distinguished in our time as an exit to art outside the boundaries of exhibitions and museums in a way that makes it more related to the recipient audience, which puts on the wall photographer a greater challenge, which is to improve the artistic sense of the recipient and preserving heritage and enhancing identity.This research deals with the study of forming with Arabic letters in contemporary murals in some countries of the Arab world such as Saudi Arabia, the Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Egypt, Tunisia, Morocco. Which were implemented with different techniques of mural painting techniques such as: mosaic - painting on ceramic tiles - modern colors. And which took place with the support of the ministries of culture, Arab universities, and civic cultural and artistic institutions in an effort to preserve heritage and identity.Some of those murals relied on employing letters as an element of the composition of the mural in a legible manner according to the rules of writing, but most contemporary murals in the Arab world that relied on calligraphy were not related to the linguistic content, meaning that they were illegible to emphasize the potential of Arabic letters and their ability to renew and keep pace Global modernity in mural painting

Nitrogen-Efficient and Nitrogen-Inefficient Indian Mustard Showed Differential Expression Pattern of Proteins in Response to Elevated CO2 and Low Nitrogen

Carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) are two essential elements that influence plant growth and development. The C and N metabolic pathways influence each other to affect gene expression, but little is known about which genes are regulated by interaction between C and N or the mechanisms by which the pathways interact. In the present investigation, proteome analysis of N-efficient and N-inefficient Indian mustard, grown under varied combinations of low-N, sufficient-N, ambient [CO2] and elevated [CO2] was carried out to identify proteins and the encoding genes of the interactions between C and N. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) revealed 158 candidate protein spots. Among these, 72 spots were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight/time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF/TOF). The identified proteins are related to various molecular processes including photosynthesis, energy metabolism, protein synthesis, transport and degradation, signal transduction, nitrogen metabolism and defense to oxidative, water and heat stresses. Identification of proteins like PII-like protein, cyclophilin, elongation factor-TU, oxygen-evolving enhancer protein and rubisco activase offers a peculiar overview of changes elicited by elevated [CO2], providing clues about how N-efficient cultivar of Indian mustard adapt to low N supply under elevated [CO2] conditions. This study provides new insights and novel information for a better understanding of adaptive responses to elevated [CO2] under N deficiency in Indian mustard

An Optimized Protocol for DNA Extraction from Wheat Seeds and Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) to Detect Fusarium graminearum Contamination of Wheat Grain

A simple, rapid, and efficient method for isolating genomic DNA from germinated seeds of wheat that is free from polysaccharides and polyphenols is reported. DNA was extracted, treated with RNase, measured and tested for completeness using agarose gel electrophoresis. DNA purification from wheat grains yielded abundant, amplifiable DNA with yields typically between 100 and 200 ng DNA/mg. The effectiveness and reliability of the method was tested by assessing quantity and quality of the isolated DNA using three PCR-based markers. Inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSRs) were used to assess the genetic diversity between different wheat varieties. Specific PCR primer pair Tox5-1/Tox5-2 and a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) procedure were used to detect genomic DNA of Fusarium graminearum in contaminated wheat seeds. In this method there is no need to use liquid nitrogen for crushing germinated seedlings. The protocol takes approximately one hour to prepare high quality DNA. In combination with the LAMP assay it is a fast and cost-effective alternative to traditional diagnostic methods for the early detection of toxigenic fusaria in cereals

Towards Mobility Data Science (Vision Paper)

Mobility data captures the locations of moving objects such as humans, animals, and cars. With the availability of GPS-equipped mobile devices and other inexpensive location-tracking technologies, mobility data is collected ubiquitously. In recent years, the use of mobility data has demonstrated significant impact in various domains including traffic management, urban planning, and health sciences. In this paper, we present the emerging domain of mobility data science. Towards a unified approach to mobility data science, we envision a pipeline having the following components: mobility data collection, cleaning, analysis, management, and privacy. For each of these components, we explain how mobility data science differs from general data science, we survey the current state of the art and describe open challenges for the research community in the coming years.Comment: Updated arXiv metadata to include two authors that were missing from the metadata. PDF has not been change

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

RECATHON: A Middleware for Context-Aware Recommendation in Database Systems

Abstract—This paper presents RECATHON; a context-aware recommender system built entirely inside a database system. Unlike traditional recommender systems that are context-free where they support the general query of Recommend movies for a certain user, RECATHON users can request recommendations based on their age, location, gender, or any other contex-tual/demographical/preferential user attribute. A main challenge of supporting such kind of recommenders is the difficulty of deciding what attributes to build recommenders on. RECATHON addresses this challenge as it supports building recommenders in database systems in an analogous way to building index structures. Users can decide to create recommenders on selected attributes, e.g., age and/or gender, and then entertain efficient support of multidimensional recommenders on the selected at-tributes. RECATHON employs a multi-dimensional index struc-ture for each built recommender that can be accessed using novel query execution algorithms to support efficient retrieval for recommender queries. Experimental results based on an actual prototype of RECATHON, built inside PostgreSQL, using real MovieLens and Foursquare data show that RECATHON exhibits real time performance for large-scale multidimensional recommendation. I